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Ocean Climate Solutions
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Ocean Climate Solutions: A Plain-Language Guide
A plain-language guide to ocean climate solutions: the main approaches to marine carbon removal, what the National Academies say remains…
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Ocean Iron Fertilization and the Debate Around It
Ocean iron fertilization adds iron to the sea to spur plankton growth and carbon storage. See what past experiments found,…
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How Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement Is Meant to Work
A plain-language look at ocean alkalinity enhancement: the idea, what the National Academies found in 2021, what its 2026 update…
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Mangroves as Carbon Stores: What the Science Says
A plain-language look at what a landmark 2011 study found about how much carbon mangroves hold, where it sits, and…
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Marine Carbon Dioxide Removal: Approaches and Open Questions
A plain-language look at marine carbon dioxide removal: the six approaches the National Academies assessed, how they compare, and what…
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Artificial Upwelling Explained: Ideas, Evidence and Risks
Artificial upwelling pumps nutrient-rich deep water to the surface to stimulate algae growth. Modelling points to modest carbon removal, no…
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Blue Carbon: Why Coastal Ecosystems Matter for Climate
Blue carbon is the carbon captured and stored by mangroves, salt marshes and seagrass. Learn how their waterlogged soils lock…